What is the primary purpose of a ground fault circuit interrupter (GFCI)?

The primary purpose of a ground fault circuit interrupter (GFCI) is to protect against electrical shock. GFCIs are designed to detect imbalances in the electrical current between the hot and neutral wires. When a ground fault occurs – for example, if a person accidentally comes into contact with a live wire – the GFCI quickly disconnects the power to prevent serious injury or death from electrical shock.

GFCIs are especially important in areas where electrical equipment may come into contact with water, such as kitchens, bathrooms, and outdoor outlets. Their ability to cut off electricity in a fraction of a second greatly reduces the risk of electrical shock for individuals using devices in these potentially hazardous locations.

While providing extra power, reducing voltage drops, or increasing amperage capacity are important considerations in electrical installations, they are not the functions of a GFCI. The GFCI’s specific design and operational focus on safety is what distinguishes it as a vital component in protecting people from electrical hazards.